[Molecular pathology of colorectal cancer].
نویسندگان
چکیده
The identification of several types of familial colorectal cancer has led to the discovery of some of the genes involved in these diseases. It was subsequently shown that somatic mutations of these genes (APC, mismatch repair genes, TP53) also occur in sporadic colorectal cancer. Gradually, this molecular information is being incorporated into the standard histopathological analysis of colorectal cancer and can be used for the characterization of primary tumors. Although attempts have been made to use molecular parameters to better define dysplasia grades, differentiate between adenoma and carcinoma, and subtype carcinomas, histological parameters remain the standard for the classification of primary tumors. Nonetheless, molecular parameters may help define subgroups of colorectal carcinoma differing in prognosis and requiring individualized treatment regimens. Interesting possibilities are predicting the response of chemotherapy or radiotherapy at a molecular level and the search for metastasis by looking for molecular markers in lymph nodes or circulating blood. Other pathological tests being developed include the detection of K-ras, TP53 or APC mutations in stool and plasma. Such approaches will have a significant impact on the clinical management of colorectal cancer.
منابع مشابه
Consensus Molecular Subtypes of Colorectal Cancer and their Clinical Implications
The colorectal cancer (CRC) subtyping consortium has unified six independent molecular classification systems, based on gene expression data, into a single consensus system with four distinct groups, known as the consensus molecular subtypes (CMS); clinical implications are discussed in this review based on articles relevant to the CMS of CRC indexed in PubMed as well as the authors’ own ...
متن کاملمتیلاسیون اگزون 1، ژن CDKN2A در نمونههای بلوک پارافینه سرطان روده بزرگ
Background: The molecular studies indicate some of the genes in the promoter region itself, will undergo methylation. Methylation of CpG islands in the promoter region of that cause silence or reduced expression of genes involved in cell growth pathways, which are colorectal cancer causing agents. Detection of methylation status can be used as a marker for cancer diagnosis and prediction of dis...
متن کاملThe Report of KRAS Mutation and NRAS Wild-Type in a Patient with Thyroid Metastasis from Colon Cancer: a Rare Case Report
Colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis to the thyroid gland is rare. Here wereport a 45 yr-old man in western Iran referred to Hematology Clinic, Kermanshah city, Iran in March 2014 with complaint of exertional dyspnea, multi-nodular goiter as well as complaint of exertional dyspnea, and multi-nodular goiter. His history included a low anterior resection of rectum in 9 months ago for a high-risk st...
متن کاملEvaluation of Expression of EGFR, HER-2 and COX-2 in Colorectal Cancer
Background and objective: EGFR and HER-2 are two members of ERbB/HER family of Type I Transmembrane growth factor receptors. Cox2 is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which has a major role in angiogenesis and can modelate tumor growth. The aim of this study was to determine the level of expression of EGFR, HER-2 and Cox2 in colorectd cancer. Mater...
متن کاملPromoter hypermethylation of KLOTHO; an anti-senescence related gene in colorectal cancer patients of Kashmir valley
Hypermethylation of CpG islands located in the promoter regions of genes is a major event in the development of the majority of cancer types, due to the subsequent aberrant silencing of important tumor suppressor genes. KLOTHO; a novel gene associated primarily with suppressing senescence has been shown to contribute to tumorigenesis as a result of its impaired function. Recently the relevance ...
متن کاملThe Role of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Signaling Pathways Promoting Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Various factors are involved in the development and progression of this disease. One of these agents is cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). COX-2 is a product of the PTGS2 gene and converts free arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. COX-2 is not naturally expressed in most normal cells. Noticeably, the increased expression of COX-2 has been ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Cytogenetics and cell genetics
دوره 86 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1999